Speaking to an audience

1) Body language – make sure that you have a proper posture. If their shoulders are sagging and their legs are crossed, you will not appear as being sincere and people just will not accept your message.

2) Pronunciation – students need to pronounce each word. You must avoid slang, except to make a point, and not slur the words. They must avoid saying, “you know" and "stuff.”

3) Articulation /Pitch – pitch refers to the highs and lows of the voice. Whatever you do, avoid a monotone!

4) Speed – the speed, or pace, is an important variable to control. Between 140-160 words per minute is the normal pace for a persuasive speech.

5) Pauses – the pause is a critical persuasive tool. When you want to emphasize a certain word, just pause for one second before; this highlights the word. If they really want to punch it, pause before and after the word!

6) Volume – volume is another good tool for a persuasive speech, but you should use it with caution. If you scream all the way through their speech, people will become accustomed to it and it will lose its effectiveness. On the other hand, a few well-timed shouts can liven up the speech! They must try to “project” or throw their voice out over the entire class – or speak to the last row.

7) Variance – variance of vocal elements is the most important of all! One of the most persuasive speakers in modern history was Winston Churchill. One of his most remarkable qualities was his ability to vary the elements of his voice. He would start with a slow, laconic voice and then switch gears to a more rapid pace. People were light-headed after listening to him!